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時間:2016-10-14
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雅思閱讀考試只是測試考生對字面的閱讀理解能力,不會對文章背后的深層內(nèi)容作仔細的考查。所以在這樣一種限制的情況之下,考生只要能夠快速定位答案,并加以判斷,就能很好的完成題目,而準確定位答案的前提是要找出考點。本文為大家介紹的是雅思閱讀考點之邏輯詞,希望對大家有幫助。
題目中的并列、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折詞
還是因為題目和文章意思的一致性,題目中的邏輯關(guān)系在文章中一般也會出現(xiàn),出現(xiàn)最多的是“并列關(guān)系”、“因果關(guān)系”和“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”。
1)并列關(guān)系詞:and, as well as, first...second..., either...or..., neither...nor...
例子一:
劍九 TEST 1 Passage 1 Q4 “Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.”, 題目中出現(xiàn)了并列關(guān)系“rich and famous”, 根據(jù)定位詞“Perkin、young、discovery”, 在文章中找到的對應(yīng)句子是第3段中的:
Perkin's scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann's attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann's youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.
文章中出現(xiàn)了并列關(guān)系:“fame and fortune”, 根據(jù)同義替換關(guān)系,“fame”對應(yīng)“famous”、“fortune”對應(yīng)“rich”。這是一道判斷題,所以這道題應(yīng)該選擇“TRUE”。
例子二:
劍7 TEST 4 Passage 1 Q13 “In addition, over two thousand years ago kites were used in China as weapons, as well as for sending 13”, 題目中的并列關(guān)系是“as well as”, 這個短語的意思相當(dāng)于“and”, 所以根據(jù)順序原則,在文章中第8段最后一句話中找到了并列關(guān)系“and”, 文章的原句是:
other ancient civilisations certainly knew about kites; as early as 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flaming debris on their foes.
題目中的時間詞“over two thousand years ago”也和文章中的“early as 1250 BC(早在公元前1250年)”形成了很好的時間對應(yīng)關(guān)系,另外就是動詞的同義替換:題目中的“sending”和文章中的“deliver(遞送)”相對應(yīng)。所以第13題應(yīng)該填“messages”。
例子三:
劍5 TEST 2 Passage 3 Q30&31 “In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the 30 nor the 31 to express their ideas.” 題目中出現(xiàn)了一組否定并列關(guān)系詞“neither...nor...”, 所以文章中也會出現(xiàn)類似的并列關(guān)系,通過填空題的順序原則和題目中的定位詞“In Britain”, 在文章第7段找到了否定并列關(guān)系句:
English was not well equipped to deal with scientific argument. First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way...
文章中的并列關(guān)系是“first..., second...”, 而表示否定意思的詞“l(fā)ack(缺少)”正好與題目中的“neither...nor...”對應(yīng)。
2)因果關(guān)系詞:because, because of, since, as, for, due to, account for, reasoning, explain, attribute to
例子一:
劍7 TEST 1 Passage 1 Q11 “Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because are not used in their navigation system.”, 題目中出現(xiàn)了“因果”關(guān)系詞“because”, 文章中也會出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的“因果”關(guān)系。根據(jù)填空題的順序原則,在文章最后一段話發(fā)現(xiàn)了相應(yīng)的因果關(guān)系句:It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar', since they do not use radio waves. 通過仔細讀文章中句子的意思,會發(fā)現(xiàn)非常明顯的意思對應(yīng)關(guān)系,而且出現(xiàn)了因果關(guān)系詞“since”, 所以第11個空填“radio waves”。
例子二:
劍7 TEST 1 Passage 2 Q22 判斷題:“Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.” 題目本身的因果關(guān)系在文章中的對應(yīng)關(guān)系是第二段的句子:
Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40% of the world's food.
題目中的“due...to...”與文章中的“because of”相對應(yīng),在意思上也有非常緊密的聯(lián)系,所以這道題選擇“YES”。
3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞:
但是、然而類:but, however, nevertheless(nonetheless), whereas, yet;
雖然、盡管類:although, even though, even if, despite, in spite of, while;
相反類:conversely, by(in) contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand
例子一:
劍5 TEST 2 Passage 3 Q33&34 “Although English was then overtaken by 33, it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the 34”, 題目中有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系“although”, 所以根據(jù)順序原則和定位詞“19th century”, 找到文章最后一段話:
It (German) is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary...
題目中“although”后面“33題”所在句子的內(nèi)容正好和文章中“however”之前的部分相對應(yīng);而“34題”所在句子與文章中“however”之后的部分相對應(yīng),根據(jù)意思的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,33題應(yīng)該填“German”,34題應(yīng)該填“industrial revolution”。
以上就是“雅思閱讀考點之邏輯詞”的詳細內(nèi)容。
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