雅思語(yǔ)法詳解之定語(yǔ)從句

雅思考試若想取得不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)，需要積累各方面的知識(shí)，雖然語(yǔ)法方面沒(méi)有單獨(dú)成為項(xiàng)目考試，但是無(wú)論哪一項(xiàng)都離不開(kāi)它，今天留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)的老師就為大家介紹一下：雅思語(yǔ)法詳解之定語(yǔ)從句，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

雅思語(yǔ)法：Attributive clause

定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題

■指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份：

1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.（主語(yǔ)）

2.The girl (whom）I met is Lucy. （定語(yǔ)）

3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.（定語(yǔ)）

4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.（定語(yǔ)）

一、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞

指代人 

who，whom，that

指代事物

which，that, as

所屬關(guān)系

whose，of which

指地點(diǎn)

where

指時(shí)間

when

指原因

why

二、關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用that。

All that can be done has been done.

Do you have anything that you don’t understand?

There is little that can be believed about it.

The book doesn’t say much that amuses children.

先行詞是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。

Hamburg is the most beautiful city that I’ve ever seen.

This is the best TV that is made in China.

The first museum that  he visited in China was the History Museum.

先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。

I’ve read all the books that you lent me.

No sample that  we nave received is satisfactory.

Please send us any information that you have about the subject.

He is the only person that  was present at the time.

先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。

The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.

A victim is a person,animal or thing that suffers pain,death,harm,etc.

先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that.

Who that you have ever seen can do it better?

Who that you are talking to is the young fellow?

Who做先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。

三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情況

He made the same mistakes again ,which made his parents very angry.

Yesterday I bought a dictionary,which cost me more than 100 yuan .

Mr Smith,who gave a talk several months ago,will come again.

My uncle has come back from abroad,whom I haven’t met for along time.

在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。

Her bag ,in which she put all her money,has been stolen.

This is the ring on which  she spent 1000 dollars.

Xiao Wang ,with which I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.

在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。

四、Where 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或含有地點(diǎn)意義的抽象名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。從句做狀語(yǔ)。

This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.

The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.

I’ll show you the paint where you failed.

注意 1:

若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

The library where students often study was on fire last night.

The library,which was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.

The library which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.

注意 2: 區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句

Where前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，是定語(yǔ)從句，否則是狀語(yǔ)從句。

When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.

When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.

五、When 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。從句作狀語(yǔ)。

I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.

This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing.

We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be busy.

注意：

若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park.

I’ll never forget the time which/that I sent on campus.

I’ll never forget the time which/that was spent with you.

六、why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。從句作狀語(yǔ)。

This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.

The reason which/that she gave was not true.

七、whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

表示所屬關(guān)系。

The river whose banks are covered with trees flows the sea.

八、特別注意：如何判斷介詞     

1、看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配

The girl for which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

He is the man on whom I think you can depend .

2、看定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配

He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar.

Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, in all of which activities dolphins are expert.

3、根據(jù)先行次判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞  搭配

The rate at which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.

This is our classroom ,in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk.

4、名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of + which/whom

The committee consists of 20 members,5 of whom are women.

The book contains 50 poems, most of which was written in 1930s.

There are two left,one of which is almost finished ,and the other of which is not quite.

I have a sentence,the meaning of which I don't understand.

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