聽力訓(xùn)練|科技主題|科學(xué)家研發(fā)藥物慢性釋放膠囊|快來做聽寫了！

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Researchers Develop Long-Term, Drug Release Capsule

Researchers have developed a long-lasting/長效的 capsule/膠囊 that, when swallowed/吞咽, slowly releases/釋放 medicine into the body.

The researchers say the capsule was developed for treatment of the disease malaria/瘧疾. But they believe it could hold medicines for a number of health problems.

Once inside the stomach, the plastic capsule opens up to release the drug in small, measured amounts. The plastic is designed to resist/抵抗 the stomach’s acidic/酸的 environment. The device breaks down after about two weeks and is expelled/排出 with waste products. At that time, a patient would swallow another drug-containing/含有藥物的 capsule.

Researchers have tested capsules filled with the drug ivermectin/伊維菌素 on pigs and dogs. Ivermectin is used to treat parasitic organisms/寄生蟲. It kills mosquitoes that carry the malaria parasite.

Scientists are now designing a program to test the capsule in people next year.

This star-shaped structure with six arms can be folded inward and encased/包圍 in a smooth capsule, which can be swallowed. Once in the stomach, the capsule opens and medicine is released in measured doses/劑量. 

The scientists work with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology/麻省理工學(xué)院 and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Massachusetts. They decided to test ivermectin because of what they saw when it was used to treat river blindness/致盲絲蟲病in Africa. Many people there have malaria infections/感染. Ninety percent of malaria cases/病例 worldwide happen in countries south of the Sahara Desert/撒哈拉沙漠.

Researcher Giovanni Traverso works at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “What was observed was that malaria would transiently/短暫地 drop. And so what we proposed was, you know, ‘what if we could increase the period of time during which individuals could have ivermectin in their system really to help suppress/抑制 the mosquito population in those regions?’”

Researchers say the capsule could possibly be filled with ivermectin and another drug to decrease the number of malaria infections.

The World Health Organization/世界衛(wèi)生組織 says only about half of people in the West and 30 percent of those in developing countries take their medicine every day when told by doctors to do so. A computer model estimates that the capsule could increase that number to 70 percent.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher Andrew Bellinger agrees. “You can take advantage of the fact that patients don’t have to be reminded every day that they need to take their medicine. They can remember once a week to take their medicine and then live normally the rest of the time.”

Researchers say the capsule could be used to treat emotional disorders/情緒紊亂, diabetes/糖尿病, and cardiovascular/心血管的 and kidney diseases.

A study on the capsule and its development was published in the journal, Science Translational Medicine.

I’m Christopher Jones-Cruise.

Jessica Berman wrote this story for VOANews. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted it for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.

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