雅思寫作話題積累之全球化

雅思考試的話題廣泛，如果想拿高分需要平時多積累，今天留學監(jiān)理網(wǎng)的老師就給大家?guī)恚貉潘紝懽髟掝}積累之全球化，希望對大家備考有所幫助。

1. 全球化的原因

(1)經(jīng)濟層面，各個國家生產(chǎn)本國特定優(yōu)勢的產(chǎn)品，通過貿(mào)易，可以給進口國和出口國都帶來好處。各國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展又為貿(mào)易旅游及文化方面的全球交流提供物質(zhì)條件。

(2)技術(shù)層面，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、媒體科技、交通工具的迅猛發(fā)展促進各國經(jīng)濟文化的密切交流。

(3)國家層面，隨著國家之間的接觸增多，國家之間簽署一系列合作規(guī)章來促進各國發(fā)展與國際性問題處理。

①原因概述：

At least four factors have contributed to globalization:

1. technological change, particularly the ICT revolution;

2. the spread of market-based systems;

3. domestic politics—pro-globalization forces are more politically significant; and inter-state rivalries.

②原因拓展1：

Technological development, from better transportation and carrier services to the telephone and mass media, has created a smaller, more integrated world，which makes the world even smaller and more integrated. Communications, trade and employment, personal and political transactions are now occurring on a global scale, in real time, ignoring boundaries between states.

③原因拓展2：

the closer integration of the countries and peoples of the world which has been brought about by the enormous reduction of costs of transportation and communication, and the breaking down of artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and(to a lesser extent) people across borders.

2. 全球化的價值

(1)經(jīng)濟上，國家與地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，就業(yè)機會增加，產(chǎn)品服務(wù)豐富。

(2)技術(shù)上，落后國家因此可以學習發(fā)達國家的技術(shù)或者企業(yè)的管理方法等;而發(fā)達國家可以依靠技術(shù)移民來補充勞動力。

(3)政治上和社會上，國家之間的聯(lián)系增多，有助于和平地協(xié)商處理問題。

(4)文化上，人們開拓視野，增進了解，消除誤會，從而可以更融洽地相處。

①全球化促進資源有效利用

The booming international trade can closely integrate a wide range of resources of different countries, which enables many nations to share resources to achieve the goal of complementing each other’s strengths. For instance, the international business made possible by air travel and telecommunication has enabled businessmen from less developed countries to introduce the state-of-the-art facilities from prosperous nations to develop and expand their business. Besides, affluent nations can make full use of the cheaper labor force in impoverished countries to save the production costs and obtain more economic profits. The effective interaction among countries at different levels has allowed a more sustainable development of the world.

②全球化促進競爭，推動發(fā)展

At the same time, globalization creates new possibilities and motivations for local cultural autonomy and identities. This“push down effect” of globalization is the reason for the revival of local nationalism and local forms of cultural identity in all parts of the world. It may seem strange but the more we globalize, the more we localize.

3. 全球化的缺點

(1)經(jīng)濟：發(fā)展中國家的勞動力被剝削，資源被取用，國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)受到?jīng)_擊。

(2)社會文化：本土文化會被削弱，本土語言會受到威脅，文化多樣性會逐步喪失。人們的生活習慣和購買習慣逐漸被改變。

(3)環(huán)境上，工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)和交通量的加大會增加溫室氣體的排放;旅游人數(shù)的增多會對自然環(huán)境構(gòu)成威脅。

①全球化引發(fā)沖突：

Most importantly, critics of recent economic globalization see that these developments are not at all occurring in a vacuum, but feed into ethnic, religious, and factional tensions that lead to wars and help breed terrorism. Furthermore, these terrorists, now globally interconnected and empowered with knowledge, create a whole new category of warfare based, in part, on the disruption of the interconnections which are both created by and necessary for globalization. Some commentators believe the nation-state is ill-equipped to deal with this emergent threat.

②全球化對環(huán)境的破壞

The rise in worldwide trade and the increasing interaction between countries previously separated by trade barriers have stimulated a significant increase in transportation progresses at all geographical levels. This has caused a wide variety of threats to the environment. Thus, a demanding problem of globalization is formed by environmental decay caused by the rise in international transportation. The rise in international transportation could be partly blamed on the transport of globalized food. As more global corporations take over most of the aspects of farming, local resources and labors of small farms are decreasingly vanishing. This caused the people to buy and eat food that are grown overseas instead of the local areas, thus, causing and encouraging the amount of international transportation.

③全球化對本地經(jīng)濟的不良影響

The expansion of multinational companies accelerating international economic integration can bring remarkable benefits to the local country. During the process of interaction with foreign staff in multinationals, local staff can have access to the state-of-the-art technology, with which they could later create their own start-up companies or work for local corporations, thereby promoting technological advances and economic growth in developing countries. Moreover, they have the opportunity to learn the work ethics of another country, and then keep the essence of their cultural conventions, promoting cultural diversity in the host country.

考點論據(jù)參考：

本類別考題應(yīng)依據(jù)十年同類所有話題考點，進行針對性地道性語料補充，地道素材來源于《the economist》,《The Guardian》,《National Geographic》, 《The Atlantic》等。

以上就是關(guān)于雅思寫作話題積累之全球化的介紹，最后，預祝大家在考試中取得好成績！

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